Participative Leadership and Its Impact on Organizational Commitment and Performance Among Teachers: An Empirical Study in the Sultanate of Oman

Abstract

              This This research aims to examine the impact of participative leadership and organizational commitment on teachers' performance in second cycle schools of basic education in the Sultanate of Oman, focusing on analyzing the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between participative leadership and teachers' performance. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey methodology, using a quantitative approach and cross-sectional method for data collection, gathering data from a sample of 318 teachers in second cycle schools in Oman. Two statistical programs were used for data analysis: SPSS (version 29) for descriptive analyses, and SMART-PLS (version 4) to assess the validity and reliability of the study instrument and examine the structural relationships between variables. The study results revealed a statistically significant positive direct effect of participative leadership on teachers' performance, as well as a statistically significant positive direct effect of organizational commitment on teachers' performance. The findings also showed a positive direct effect of participative leadership on organizational commitment, confirming the mediating role of organizational commitment in enhancing the relationship between participative leadership and teachers' performance. In light of these results, the study concluded with several recommendations, most importantly calling on the Ministry of Education and school administrations to adopt strategies that enhance teachers' performance in the second cycle, organize workshops and training programs focusing on applying participative leadership principles, develop programs to enhance organizational commitment among teachers, and conduct future studies to deepen understanding of the relationship between participative leadership, organizational commitment, and teachers' performance in various educational contexts.